Table 1 Lower body positive pressure for gait training after stroke patients
From: Lower body positive pressure treadmill gait training for neurological patients: a systematic review
Authors | Study design | Treatment | Sample size | Stroke stage | Duration (no.×week) | Outcomes of Interest | Results | PEDro score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Park et al. [8] | RCT | A) LBPP treadmill gait training (n = 8) B) Aquatic gait training (n = 9) C) Regular treadmill gait training (control group) (n = 10) | 27 (15 m /12 w) | Chronic | 30 min (3 × 4) | BBS*, TUG*, 10MWT, | The aquatic and LBPP groups improved more than the control group. No difference between LBPP and aquatic groups. | 6/10 (rated by the author) |
Sukontha-mam et al. [33] | RCT | A) Overground gait training (control group) (n = 16) B) Overground gait training + LBPP gait training (n = 15) | 31 (24 m/7 w) | Sub-acute | 30 min (5 × 4) | 6MWT,FAC, Balance test*, (GMVIC), MA, Satisfaction of LBPP | Improvement with eyes closed than the control. No serious adverse events. | 8/10 |
Calabro et at. [20] | RCT | A) LBPP gait training (n = 25). B) Overground gait training (n = 25). C) Healthy controls (LBPP gait training) (n = 25) | 50 (20 m/ 30 w) 25 (13 healthy m/12 healthy w) | Chronic | 40 min (6 × 4) | FAC, GSP*, MA*, GQI* | Improvement in GSP, MA, and GQI. No serious adverse events. | 8/10 (rated by the author) |
Duran et al. [36] | RCT | A) Overground gait training (control group) (n = 13). B) Overground gait training + LBPP gait training (n = 13). C) Overground gait training + aquatic gait training (n = 13) | 39 (gender was not specified) | Chronic | 30 min (3 × 4) | BI, BBS, 6MWT*, CET, ECG* parameters | The LBPP significantly improved maximum heart rate, walking distance, and ventricular repolarization indices. | 7/10 (rated by the author) |
Oh et at. [34] | RCT | A) Conventional gait training (n = 15). B) LBPP gait training (n = 15) | 30 (29 m/1 w) | Chronic | 20 min (5 × 4) | POMA*, BBS*, TUG*, 10MWT | Improvement in POMA gait score and TUG at 4 weeks and total POMA score and BBS after 12 weeks. | 7/10 (rated by the author) |
Almutairi et al. [28] | An exploratory study | LBPP gait training (n = 9) | 9 (8 m/1 w) | Chronic | 40 min (3 × 6) | Safety and feasibility, BP, PR, OS. | No adverse event reported. Satisfaction score ranges from 4 to 5 out of 5. No change in BP and OS. Change observed in PR. | - |
Almutairi [12] | Prospective cohort study | LBPP gait training (n = 9) | 9 (8 m/1 w) | Chronic | 40 min (3 × 6) | FAC*, 6MWT*, TUG, 10MWT*, FRT, SF-36 | Improvement in FAC, 10MWT, and 6MWT. | - |
Lathan et al. [32] | Case study | LBPP gait training (n = 1) | (1 m) | Chronic | 40 min (4 × 4) | 10MWT, GSP, 6MWT, FM-LE, GDS, SIS. | All outcomes improved and were maintained one month later. | - |
Tang et al. [35] | Case report | LBPP gait training (n = 1) | (1 m) | Chronic | 30 min (6 × 2) | FM-LE, DPPD, BBS, TUG, GSP, MA | Improvement in all outcomes except FM-LE. | - |