Table 1 Muscle groups test for limb/joint positions and dynamometer placement

Elbow flexors

Supine

Shoulder will be abducted 30°, elbow will be flexed 90°, and forearm will be supinated.

Just proximal to wrist on flexor surface of forearm

Shoulder abductors

Supine

Shoulder will be abducted 45°, and elbow will be extended

Just proximal to lateral epicondyle of humerus

Hip flexors

Supine

Hip will be flexed 90°, knee will be relaxed, and ankle will be supported.

Just proximal to knee on anterior surface of thigh

Knee extensors

Sitting

Knee will be flexed 90°

Just proximal to ankle on anterior surface of leg

Foot dorsiflexors

Sitting

Knee will be flexed 90°, and foot will be in neutral position

Just proximal to metatarsophalangeal joints on dorsal surface of foot