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Table 2 Prevalence of neck and back musculoskeletal pain in respect to work-associated risk factor

From: Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among computer users working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey

Variables

Neck

Upper back

Lower back

Present

n (%)

Absent

n (%)

χ2 (p value)

Present

n (%)

Absent

n (%)

χ2 (p-value)

Present

n (%)

Absent

n (%)

χ2 (p-value)

Gender

 Female

40 (33.0)

13 (10.7)

9.03 (.003*)

35 (28.9)

18 (14.9)

22.07 (< .001*)

37 (30.6)

16 (13.2)

4.15 (.061)

 Male

33 (27.3)

35 (28.9)

16 (13.2)

5 2 (43.0)

35 (28.9)

33 (27.3)

Workplace before lockdown

 Office

60 (49.6)

38 (31.4)

.172 (.813)

46 (38.0)

52 (43.0)

4.851 (.035*)

64 (52.9)

34 (28.1)

7.202 (.010*)

 Home

13 (10.7)

10 (8.3)

5 (4.1)

18 (14.9)

8 (6.61)

15 (12.4)

Working hours from home

 < 6 h

7 (5.8)

4 (3.3)

1.267 (.531)

3 (2.5)

8 (6.6)

2.55 (.279)

5 (4.1)

6 (4.5)

2.673 (.263)

 6–8 h

18 (14.9)

8 (6.6)

14 (11.6)

12 (9.9)

13 (10.7)

13 (10.7)

 > 8 h

48 (39.7)

36 (29.7)

34 (28.1)

50 (41.3)

54 (44.6)

30 (24.8)

Dedicated workspace

 Yes

29 (24.0)

32 (26.4)

3.185 (.095)

23 (19.0)

38 (31.4)

.996 (.360)

27 (22.3)

34 (28.1)

.724 (.460)

 No

41 (33.9)

19 (15.7)

32 (26.4)

28 (23.1)

38 (31.4)

22 (18.2)

Working posture

 Half lying

22 (18.2)

10 (8.3)

2.84 (.241)

16 (13.2)

16 (13.2)

2.39 (.302)

21 (17.4)

11 (9.1)

.722 (.697)

 Sitting

49 (40.5)

38 (31.4)

35 (28.9)

52 (43.0)

50 (41.3)

37 (30.6)

 Lying

2 (1.7)

0 (0.00)

0 (0.00)

2 (1.7)

1 (0.8)

1 (0.8)

Regular breaks

 Yes

26 (21.5)

17 (14.0)

.001 (1.000)

20 (16.5)

23 (19.0)

.521 (.565)

26 (21.5)

17 (14.0)

.026 (1.000)

 No

47 (38.8)

31 (25.6)

47 (38.8)

31 (25.6)

46 (38.0)

32 (26.4)

Schedules of break

 0 break

0 (00.0)

3 (2.5)

3.489 (.322)

3 (2.5)

0 (0.00)

5.79 (.122)

2 (1.7)

1 (0.8)

1.74 (.627)

 1 break

15 (12.4)

27 (22.3)

19 (15.7)

23 (19.0)

19 (15.7)

23 (19.0)

 2–5 break

28 (23.1)

33 (26.4)

25 (21.0)

36 (29.7)

22 (18.2)

39 (32.2)

 > 5 breaks

5 (4.1)

10 (8.3)

4 (3.3)

11 (9.1)

6 (4.5)

9 (7.4)

Stay physically active

 Yes

35 (28.9)

30 (24.8)

2.468 (.138)

25 (21.0)

40 (33.0)

.783 (.461)

33 (27.3)

17 (14.0)

4.44 (.042*)

 No

38 (31.4)

18 (14.9)

26 (21.5)

30 (24.8)

39 (32.2)

32 (26.4)

Stressed after being in one posture?

 Yes

42 (34.7)

16 (13.2)

10.42 (.005*)

29 (24.0)

29 (24.0)

4.84 (.089)

38 (31.4)

20 (16.5)

4.29 (.117)

 No

3 (2.5)

9 (7.9)

2 (1.7)

10 (8.3)

4 (3.3)

8 (6.6)

 Sometimes

28 (23.1)

23 (19.0)

20 (16.5)

31 (25.6)

30 (24.8)

21 (17.4)

Stress in eyes

 Yes

57 (47.1)

23 (19.0)

11.76 (.003*)

39 (32.2)

41 (33.9)

4.685 (.096)

50 (41.3)

30 (24.8)

7.09 (.029*)

 No

4 (3.3)

6 (4.5)

2 (1.7)

8 (6.6)

2 (1.65)

8 (6.6)

 Sometimes

12 (9.9)

19 (15.7)

10 (8.3)

21 (17.4)

20 (16.5)

11 (9.1)

Mental stress due to work.

 Yes

37 (30.6)

11 (9.1)

9.33 (.002*)

30 (24.8)

18 (14.9)

13.51 (< .001*)

37 (30.6)

11 (9.1)

10.20 (.002*)

 No

36 (29.7)

37 (30.6)

21 (17.4)

52 (43.0)

35 (28.9)

38 (31.4)

Healthy work life balance?

 Yes

36 (29.7)

25 (21.0)

.089 (.853)

27 (22.3)

34 (28.1)

.225 (.714)

35 (28.9)

26 (21.5)

.231 (.712)

 No

37 (30.6)

23 (19)

24 (19.8)

36 (29.7)

37 (30.6)

23 (19)

  1. *Significant difference