Table 2 Demographic characteristics of the participants
Variables | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) |
|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) age (years) | 22.69 | 2.41 |
Male | 271 | 52.5 |
Female | 245 | 47.5 |
Education level | ||
Undergraduate | 402 | 77.9 |
Postgraduate | 114 | 22.1 |
Smoking | ||
Yes | 295 | 57.2 |
No | 221 | 42.8 |
Physically active | ||
Yes | 271 | 52.5 |
No | 245 | 47.5 |
Family history of LBP | ||
Yes | 216 | 41.9 |
No | 300 | 58.1 |
Treatment for LBP | ||
Yes | 286 | 55.4 |
No | 230 | 44.6 |
Treatment strategies | ||
Exercises | 26 | 5.0 |
Gel | 5 | 1.0 |
Hot pack | 88 | 17.1 |
Massage | 6 | 1.2 |
Medicines | 137 | 26.6 |
Rest | 4 | 0.8 |
Yoga | 6 | 1.2 |
No treatment | 244 | 47.3 |