Table 2 Pain Attitudes and Beliefs Scale for Physiotherapist (PABS-PT) scores
From: Attitudes and beliefs towards low back pain (LBP) among physiotherapists in Spain
No. | Item | Mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
1 | Back pain sufferers should refrain from all physical activity in order to avoid injury | 4.4 (0.6) |
2 | Good posture prevents back pain | 4.9 (0.9) |
3 | Knowledge of the tissue damage is not necessary for effective therapy | 4.1 (1.1) |
4 | Reduction of daily physical exertion is a significant factor in treating back pain | 2.5 (0.7) |
5 | Not enough effort is made to find the underlying organic causes of back pain | 4.9 (0.5) |
6 | Mental stress can cause back pain even in the absence of tissue damage | 5.1 (0.7) |
7 | The cause of back pain is unknown | 2.8 (1.1) |
8 | Unilateral physical stress is not a cause of back pain | 4.7 (0.3) |
9 | Patients who have suffered back pain should avoid activities that stress the back | 5.1 (0.5) |
10 | Pain is a nociceptive stimulus, indicating tissue damage | 3.1 (1.5) |
11 | A patient suffering from severe back pain will benefit from physical exercise | 1.9 (2.1) |
12 | Functional limitations associated with back pain are the result of psychosocial factors | 1.5 (0.7) |
13 | The best advice for back pain is: “Take care” and “Make no unnecessary movements” | 3.9 (1.1) |
14 | Patients with back pain should preferably practice only pain-free movements | 4.9 (0.9) |
15 | Back pain indicates that there is something dangerously wrong with the back | 4.7 (1.0) |
16 | The way patients view their pain influences the progress of the symptoms | 4.1 (0.7) |
17 | Therapy may have been successful even if pain remains | 1.0 (1.9) |
18 | Therapy can completely alleviate the functional symptoms caused by back pain | 3.0 (0.9) |
19 | If ADL activities cause more back pain, this is not dangerous | 2.8 (1.5) |
20 | Back pain indicates the presence of organic injury | 2.1 (0.7) |
21 | Sport should not be recommended for patients with back pain | 3.1 (0.5) |
22 | If back pain increases in severity, I immediately adjust the intensity of my treatment accordingly | 5.1 (0.9) |
23 | If therapy does not result in a reduction in back pain, there is a high risk of severe restrictions in the long term | 2.1 (1.9) |
24 | Pain reduction is a precondition for the restoration of normal functioning | 1.8 (1.9) |
25 | Increased pain indicates new tissue damage or the spread of existing damage | 4.1 (1.1) |
26 | It is the task of the physiotherapist to remove the cause of back pain | 2.9 (0.4) |
27 | There is no effective treatment to eliminate back pain | 1.2 (0.5) |
28 | TENS and/or back braces support functional recovery | 4.9 (0.9) |
29 | Even if the pain has worsened, the intensity of the next treatment can be increased | 1.2 (1.1) |
30 | If patients complain of pain during exercise, I worry that damage is being caused | 3.5 (0.6) |
31 | The severity of tissue damage determines the level of pain | 4.1 (1.3) |
32 | A rapid resumption of daily activities is an important goal of the treatment | 2.3 (0.9) |
33 | Learning to cope with stress promotes recovery from back pain | 4.8 (0.5) |
34 | Exercises that may be back straining should not be avoided during the treatment | 1.5 (0.9) |
35 | In the long run, patients with back pain have a higher risk of developing spinal impairments | 4.0 (1.7) |
36 | In back pain, imaging tests are unnecessary | 5.1 (0.8) |